Standardized Triglyceride-Glucose and Plasma Atherogenic Indices as Predictors of Diabetic Nephropathy and Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther2788Keywords:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), Triglyceride-Glucose index (TyG), diabetic nephropathy, coronary artery diseaseAbstract
Objective: Cardiometabolic indices, including the plasma atherogenic index (PAI) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, are emerging markers for diabetic complications. However, their associations in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remain underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between standardized PAI and TyG indices and diabetic nephropathy (DN) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in T1DM patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 114 adults with T1DM. DN and CAD were diagnosed based on standard clinical criteria. PAI and TyG indices were calculated and standardized (z-score adjusted). Penalized logistic regression (LASSO) was employed to identify independent correlates. Model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC).
Results: DN and CAD prevalences were 40.4% and 17.5%, respectively. The standardized TyG index independently predicted DN (OR = 20.20, p<0.001), whereas standardized PAI independently associated with CAD (OR = 6.71, p=0.016). Age was also significantly associated with increased CAD risk (OR = 1.07, p=0.033). ROC analyses demonstrated excellent discriminative capabilities, with AUC values of 0.94 for DN and 0.87 for CAD after internal validation.
Conclusion: The standardized TyG index is an effective predictor for DN, and standardized PAI is strongly predictive of CAD in T1DM patients. While these simple indices may hold promise for early risk stratification, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the modest sample size and cross-sectional design. External validation in larger, prospective cohorts is required before clinical application.
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