Potential Cardioprotective Effects of Garlic Components Against Experimental Cardiac Damage in Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther2799Keywords:
Allyl disulfide, cisplatin, cardiotoxicity, histopathology, S-Allyl-L-CysteineAbstract
Objective: Cisplatin (CIS) is a frequently used chemotherapeutic drug; nevertheless, its clinical efficacy is limited by cardiotoxicity, mostly due to oxidative stress and apoptosis. Natural antioxidants such as S-Allyl-L-Cysteine (SAC) and Allyl Disulfide (ADS)—organosulfur compounds derived from garlic—exhibit potential in mitigating such damage. This study aimed to evaluate CIS-induced cardiotoxicity in rats and investigate the potential for SAC and ADS to reduce this toxicity.
Methods: Four groups -Control, CIS, CIS + SAC, and CIS + ADS- were randomly assigned to thirty-two female Sprague Dawley rats. On days 1 and 8 of the experiment, CIS was given intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg/kg, and for 14 days in a row, SAC and ADS were given orally by gavage at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Using Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, heart tissues were excised at the termination of the experiment and examined histopathologically.
Results: In the CIS group, prominent histopathological changes, including interstitial congestion, lymphocytic infiltration, edema, and vacuolar degeneration in cardiomyocytes, were observed. PAS staining showed glycoprotein accumulation and chondromatous metaplasia. All these changes were reversed in either the CIS+SAC group or the CIS+ADS group by improving cardiac architecture and lowering levels of congestion, edema, and degeneration.
Conclusion: This study shows that SAC and ADS have protective effects against CIS-induced cardiotoxicity. These natural antioxidants may be used to prevent cardiotoxicity that is induced by chemotherapy.
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