Effect of Cement Type and Surface Modifications on Retention and Titanium Surface Stability in Implant Crowns
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58600/eurjther3072Keywords:
ANOVA, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing, dental cements, dental crowns, prostheses and implants, scanning electron microscopyAbstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cement types and surface treatments on retention, to assess the impact of mechanical loading and thermocycling on retention, and to examine the resulting surface alterations.
Methods: A total of 120 abutment analogs were prepared for full metal crowns. A total of 40 crowns were randomly cemented with four cements without surface treatment and tested for retention. Selected specimens were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All specimens underwent mechanical loading and thermal cycling, followed by retention testing and SEM analysis. In the experimental groups, internal crown surfaces were sandblasted or diamond-burr roughened prior to aging and retention testing. Retention data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) tests (α = 0.05).
Results: Permanent cements showed significantly higher retention than temporary cements across all treatments, with no differences within cement groups. Surface treatment did not significantly affect retention, and no statistically significant differences were observed between non-aged and aged specimens under the applied aging protocol. SEM revealed no observable morphological changes on the titanium surfaces before and after aging. Predominantly adhesive failures were observed, whereas both adhesive and cohesive failures were observed for Panavia SA. Air bubbles were present in manually mixed cements but absent in automix-prepared cements.
Conclusion: Cement type significantly affects retention of implant-supported crowns. Aging and crown surface roughening do not significantly influence retention, and no chemical changes were observed on titanium surfaces.
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